Exosomes are extracellular vesicles derived from cells, enclosed in a lipid bilayer structure similar to cells, making them stable. They contain proteins, enzymes, various nucleic acids, and other substances from their originating cells. To date, research indicates that they are secreted as a response to intercellular communication or external stimuli. These characteristics make exosomes optimized for drug delivery. Their stable lipid membrane structure ensures stability within the body, they are non-immunogenic, and their versatility allows for various engineering approaches, including targeted drug delivery to specific cells.
Exosome
-
Q3. What is the reason for using exosomes as a delivery tool?
-
Q4. What is an immunotherapy for cancer?
Immunotherapy for cancer refers to a treatment that activates the suppressed immune system to exhibit an anticancer effect. Cancer cells manipulate the surrounding environment and cells to inhibit immune responses against them, evading attacks from immune cells. Immunotherapy works by reactivating suppressed immune cells and enabling them to target and attack cancer cells once again. Notable immunotherapies include Keytruda, Tecentriq, and Kymriah. However, currently available immunotherapies have shown limitations in treating solid tumors, and there’s a growing need for next-generation immunotherapies to overcome these constraints for effective solid tumor treatments.